Chemistry and biological activities of terpenoids from. Using molecular methods, seven endophytic fungal strains from the medicinal plants copaifera pubiflora and melocactus ernestii were identified as diaporthe miriciae, while two isolates were identified to the genus level diaporthe sp. The copaiba resins are generally composed of a volatile oil made up largely of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, such as. Copaiba product summary copaiba essential oil is extracted from the oleoresin of several different species of copaifera, including multijuga, langsdorffii, and reticulata. Copaiba balsam is obtained from more than twenty arboreal species, among which the most studied are copaifera officinalis, copaifera reticulata, copaifera duckei, copaifera multijuga, copaifera langsdorffii, copaifera hayn, copaifera. Copaifera pubiflora is a shrub or small tree, sometimes becoming a large tree. The record derives from ildis which reports it as an accepted name record 1166.
Henriettes herbal is one of the oldest and largest herbal medicine sites on the net. The plant list includes 89 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus copaifera. The androecium holds 10 free stamens, glabrous fillets, and oblong and rimose anther. Leguminosae, caesalpinioideae near parent tree article in plant species biology 103. Copaifera langsdorffii in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Copaifera langsdorffii is a usually evergreen rainforest tree with a dense, round crown.
Based on the ethnopharmacological evidences about the antileishmanial activity of copaifera spp. Pdf copaifera duckei oleoresin and its main non volatile. Leaves paripinnate, glabrous, subcoriaceous, 510cm long. The yield from the trees is very variable, and factors affecting production are still unknown. Venezuelan whitefaced sakis ingest an annual diet rich in seeds, but also include young leaves daily, and insects and ripe, fleshy fruit seasonally. This page was last edited on december 2019, at 21. Copaifera is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, fabaceae the scientific name means copalbearer or more accurately, copaibabearer, since economically important resins and essential oils can be acquired from them. Jun 29, 2014 this page was last edited on december 2019, at 21. Pdf in this paper, the in vitro schistosomicidal effects of three. Extracts of bolivian plants,copaifera reticulata andheisteria pallida inhibit in vitro free. For more multimedia, look at copaifera langsdorffii on wikimedia commons. Age structure differentiated between years when comparisons were made for plants in one. Abstract the age structure and distribution of seeds, seedlings, and non. An entomocentric view of the janzenconnell hypothesis.
Investigation of safety profile of four copaifera species and. Oleoresin is the main product from tree trunks of copaifera species fabaceae caesalpinoiodidaeae, which are distributed throughout central america, south america and africa and bear more than forty described species. Pictures of copaiba copaifera officinalis, copaifera. The oleoresin of copaifera trees has been widely used as a traditional medicine in.
A leader in creating a worldwide market for the important medicinal plants of the amazon since 1995. There is a calming, centering effect felt just from the aroma. Copaiba trees, of the genus copaiferafabaceae, produce an oleoresin that has pharmacological. Energetics and chakras 1st chakra survival and support, 2nd chakra relationships, creation energy, 3rd chakra personal power, balancing, clarity, expansive, grounding, protective, purifying, uplifting energetic, spiritual, and emotional qualities of balsam copaiba. An evergreen tree to 61235 m tall, and 1 m diameter. The copaifera duckei, copaifera reticulata, copaifera paupera, and copaifera pubiflora. Botanical and common names family leguminosae fabaceae copaifera langsdorffi copaiba balsam, copaiva copaifera officinalis copaiba, jesuits balsam, copal, balsam cautions use only under the guidance of a knowledgeable professional as it is toxic in overdose. Estructura poblacional decopaifera pubiflora benth. The sesquiterpenes and diterpenes labdane, clerodane and kaurane skeletons are different for each copaifera species and have been linked to several reported.
Relationship of light intensity to leaf resin composition and. This difference was associated with the proportion of plants. Learn more about this essential oil from the amazon. Varies with species and ranges from panama southward to argentina and paraguay.
Usda forest service forest products laboratory one gifford pinchot drive madison, wi 537052398 608 2319200. Investigation of safety profile of four copaifera species. The only exception is an influential paper by janzen in which he reports on the effects of an external. Seed bugs lygaeidae and related families are renowned as. Trees of the copaifera genus are native to the tropical regions of latin america and western africa. Relationship of light intensity to leaf resin composition. Nutritional analysis of fruits, seeds, and leaves eaten by saki monkeys.
Copaiba oil contains a significant amount of kaurenoic acid, a diterpene plant chemical that has shown in laboratory studies to exert antiinflammatory, hypotensive, and diuretic effects in vivo and antimicrobial, smooth muscle relaxant and cytotoxic actions in vitro. Description indigenous to the tropical regions of south america, mainly peru, brazil, panama, and venezuela, the tree also is. The scientific name means copalbearer or more accurately, copaibabearer, since economically important resins and essential oils can be acquired from them. Trees belonging to the genus copaifera are native to the tropical regions of latin america and western africa. The extracts obtained from their aerial parts have commercial value and it is an ingredient in beekeeping and in cosmetic products veigajunior and pinto, 2002. Antibacterial, preservative, and mutagenic potential of. Copaifera officinalis is a well branched tropical tree of the burseraceae copal family, that grows up to 100 feet tall. The wood is light due to its porosity, and it is honeycombed with capillaries filled with oil. The oleoresin of copaifera trees has been widely used as a traditional medicine in neotropical regions for thousands of years and remains a popular treatment for a variety of ailments. Fluckiger observed a similar deposit in trinidad balsam, from copaifera officinalis, which he thought identical with copaivic acid.
I studied production ecology from three copaiba types in the eastern brazilian. Copaiba pictures copaifera officinalis copaifera langsdorffii these images are ed and may not be used without permission. Gcms profiling of the phytochemical constituents of the. Copahu copaiba copaifera officinalis essential oil aliksir. The proportion of copaifera reticulata and copaifera paupera trees that yielded more than 1 ml oleoresin was higher than the other species. It has many names in local languages, including kupay, cabismo, and copauva 5. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. We evaluated the yield of oleoresin from copaifera spp. The incense still burns in many mexican churches today for the purpose of making the body ritually clean. Proceedings of the 8th international symposium on canine and.
The wood and resin are harvested from the wild for local use. Volatiles of oleoresins of copaifera paupera herzog dwyer, c. Another bias that is obvious from the studies listed in table 1 is the almost exclusive focus on chewing insects attacking either seeds or seedlings. Copaiba essential oil copaifera officinalis 15 ml copaiba oil is a rare essential oil that traditioanlly has supported the bodys natural response to irritation. Its been online since 1995, and is run by henriette kress, a herbalist in helsinki, finland. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. It has pinnate leathery leaves and blossoms are borne in whitish racemes. Copaiba oleoresins are exuded from the trunks of trees of the copaifera species leguminosaecaesalpinoideae. In the present study, we evaluated the antifungal potential of cytochalasins produced by diaporthe taxa against phytopathogenic fungi. Known hazards none known botanical references range s.
Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. America northern brazil, colombia, venezuela, guyana. Antibacterial, preservative, and mutagenic potential of copaifera. Copaifera is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, fabaceae. Copaifera pubiflora on the quality of cooled and frozenthawed. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Reliable methods for analyses of volatile compounds of. Flowers in terminal racemes to compound panicles with numerous, subsessile whitish flowers.
Traditionally used in native american recipes, today copaiba is featured in european and north american pharmacopeias. We sampled 30 copaifera trees by extracting oleoresin for 24 h with a metal borer. Other species are threatened, mainly by deforestation. Proceedings of the 8th international symposium on canine. Free living algae o r lichens m ay grow as tiny epiphylls on the f ives o f trees. These are primarily included because names of species rank are. Oleoresin extracted from copaiba copaifera spp leguminosae trees is a popular traditional medicine in amazonia. Balsam copaiba essential oil, as with many of the resins, is energetically helpful in healing old wounds or traumas. Copaifera langsdorffii wikispecies, free species directory.
Mar 30, 2012 copaiba oleoresins are exuded from the trunks of trees of the copaifera species leguminosaecaesalpinoideae. The genus copaifera belongs to the family leguminosae and encompasses 72 species. Full publication details for this name can be found in ipni. It can be used in meditation and for any time when the nervous system needs balance and harmony. Tapping the tree involves cutting a well into which the oil seeps and where it can be easily collected. They are also important for production of biodiesel and wood, especially copaifera langsdorffii. Experimental sample plants of hymenaea courbard var. Many practitioners of traditional medicine have been extremely impressed by copaiba essential oil benefits for centuries. This oleoresin is a solution of diterpenoids, especially, mono and diacids, solubilized by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Department of agriculture agricultural research service.
Copaifera sp is widely used as a popular medicine and it has various ethnopharmacological indications, including gonorrhea, bronchitis, asthma, skin ulcers, ulcers, sore throat, uterine infections, general inflammations, cancer, and leishmanioses. Interspecific differences in the oleoresin production of. Iscfr viii international symposium on canine and feline reproduction paris, france june 2225, 2016 evssar xix 188 effects of copaiba oilresin copaifera pubiflora on the quality of cooled and frozenthawed. Dec 11, 2018 the copaifera duckei, copaifera reticulata, copaifera paupera, and copaifera pubiflora oleoresins displayed promising micmbc valuesfrom 12.
Biotechnological potential of the carapa guianensis, bertholletia. I studied production ecology from three copaiba types in the eastern brazilian amazon. The oleoresin volumes from yielding copaifera pubiflora trees were significantly higher than those from c. In peruvian traditional medicine, three or four drops of the resin are mixed with a spoonful of honey and taken as a natural sore throat remedy. Copahu copaiba copaifera officinalis essential oil. The incense was regarded as a seeing instrument for the mayans and considered a form of protection against sorcery, illness, and misfortune. The copaifera duckei, copaifera reticulata, copaifera paupera, and copaifera pubiflora oleoresins displayed promising micmbc valuesfrom 12.
Copaifera officinalis resin is sold in gel capsules in stores and pharmacies in brazil and recommended for all types of internal inflammation, stomach ulcers and cancer. Copaiba trees, of the genus copaifera fabaceae, produce an oleoresin that has pharmacological applications. From a stoichiometric calculation based on these data, and considering the mw of the two prototype diterpene acids kaurenoic and copalic acids, c 20 h 32 o 2, mw 304. Copaifera duckei oleoresin and its main non volatile terpenes.
Copaifera officinalis copal aka copaiba, copal, balsam. Molecules free fulltext chemistry and biological activities of. The plant list includes a further 8 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus copaifera. Copaifera resin has been used topically by healers in the amazon. Copaiba is the oleoresin or obtained from copaifera fabaceae, a family of neotropical trees which grows throughout the amazon regions. Copaifera langsdorffii, also known as the diesel tree, is a tropical rainforest tree. Copaiba resin, which copaiba oil originates from, has been used medicinally since at least 1625 for the natural treatment of health concerns like bronchitis, chronic cystitis, chronic diarrhea and hemorrhoids the brazilian herbal medicine system is one of many traditional.
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